Skip to main content

Bombay Blood Type

Blood Type/Blood group
  In this whole world all the people are born with a blood type  which may be similar or dissimilar to someone. Blood type is classified on the basis of presence or absence of antigen (surface of RBC ) and antibody. Karl Landsteiner discovered ABO blood type in 1901 for which he was rewarded with novel prize in 1930. In 1940 Landsteiner and Alexander wiener discovered Rh factor( Rhesus factor). According to International society for blood transfusion(ISBT) till  now 28 blood group system have been identified.

What are Antigen and Antibody? 

Normal human body contains 5 liters of blood volume in which 55% is composed of plasma and 45% is composed of blood cells( RBC, WBC,Platelets). 

Antigen are the protein molecules present in surface of RBC which have the capacity to stimulate antibodies.

Antibodies are the protein found in plasma which helps in immune response. Types of antibodies( IgM, IgD, IgG,IgA,IgE).
Blood type
Antigen 
Antibody
A
A,H
a
B
B,H
b
AB
A,B,H
-
O
H
a,b
Bombay blood type
-
a,b,h


Bombay blood type 
Bombay blood type was first discovered in mumbai(then Bombay) by Y M Bhende. It has hh genotype which makes it the rarer one. It is said that hh blood type has an incidence of one in four million and in India it is found one in 10,000 people. It lacks H antigen due to which it contains anti a , anti b, anti h antibody in it’s plasma. 

H antigen 

H antigen is the precursor of ABO blood group. It can also be regarded as building block for the production of antigen in ABO blood type. H antigen is produced by a specific fucosyltransferase. Depending upon persons blood type the H antigen is converted into either A antigen, B antigen or both. In blood group O H antigen isn’t modified so can be found in highest amount. 

Does it mean it is more susceptible to disease? 

No it doesn’t mean s/he is susceptible to disease or have poor immune system. The only problem with this blood type arises during blood transfusion. Bombay blood type can donate their blood to any other blood type but can only receive blood from the similar one. 
Blood type
Can donate
Can receive
A
A, AB
A,O
B
B,AB
B,O
AB
AB
A,B,AB,O
O
A,B,AB,O
O

Difference of Bombay blood type with O blood type.

O blood group does not react with anti-A,B and AB but reacts with  anti-H which shows the clear differences between O and Bombay blood type.

Conclusion 
This shows it is not confirm that people only have ABO blood type, they may also have a different blood type so people should have clear knowledge on blood type before transfusion. 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Convalescent plasma (kon-voh-LES-unt-PLAZ-muh)therapy

Educational information/ It is an experimental treatment to treat patients using plasma collected form recovered patients. As we all know development of efficient vaccine take a lot of time so it can be used for the treatment of patients with the passive immunity (  immunity which is induced by introducing antibodies form other person). What is plasma ? A straw( yellowish) colored liquid which is obtained after extraction of blood cells it is largest component of human blood comprising about 55% .Plasma consist of water, salt, enzymes,antibodies and protein, clotting factors. It’s color is present due to bilirubin. What is convalescent plasma ?  Convalescent means     recovering from illness. Convalescent plasma means plasma extracted form recovered patient. What is convalescent plasma therapy ? It is an experimental treatment used to treat a patient using plasma extracted form recovered patients. People who are infected form COVID-19 generate  active immune response towards the virus
1 comment
Read more

SYNDROME X ( Why aging wasn’t seen ?)

Educational information   Brooke Megan Greenberg was born on January8, 1993     weighing about four pound(1.8 kg). She died on October 24, 2013 due to bronchomalacia ( difficulty in breathing due to weak cartilage in walls of bronchial tubes.) surprisingly her mental age when she died was about of 1 year old baby. Development of her body organ were different. Her bones were like of 10 years but still had her baby teeth. How her condition was termed as  syndrome x? She was taken to many hospitals and was examined by many specialists but there was on diagnosis fo any known genetic syndrome . Therefore her condition was termed as syndrome x.  Confirmation of her condition   Later on her condition was termed as neotenic complex syndrome. It is a condition termed with developmental delay . Till this date it is said that it is seen in seven females. What if scientists could find reason behind aging and it’s treatment ?
Post a Comment
Read more

SARS-COV-2 MUTATION

  EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION Mutation   A mutation is a change in DNA sequence. It makes the change in structure arrangement or quality of DNA of the chromosomes. Mutation is derived from Latin word ‘muto’ which means change. It is simply termed as heritable change in genotype of an organism.   Mutation in plant was studied by Hugo de vres  Mutation in    dorsophila melanogaster was studied by Thomas Morgan  There are many types of mutation but we are emphasizing in gene mutation  Types of gene mutation  Deletion Insertion or addition  Substitution  Why is it mutating ? If we explain it In simple language then it can be told that it is mutating for adaptation. Most of the mutation are silent    and may not be differentiated. Mutation not    only causes viable effect but also enables the organism to withstand the environment.  Mutation in SARS-COV-2  COVID-19 is caused by SSRNA virus. As it is RNA virus it includes ( Adenine, Uracile, Guanine, Cytocin) as the complimentary nitrogen bases.C
Post a Comment
Read more